ORIGIN-AND-EVOLUTION-OF-LIFE-QUIZ-3

BIOLOGY ORIGIN AND EVOLUTION OF LIFE QUIZ-3

Dear Readers,

NEET is the most famous and important medical entrance examination held in our country. This exam is an objective type, an offline test which includes 4 sections namely– Physics, Chemistry, Botany, and Zoology. The maximum marks that can be scored are 720 marks and have 180 questions. About half of the paper consists of questions from Biology, as the NEET exam essentially focuses on capacitating students to go for seats in medical courses. One of the most significant and crucial sections in the NEET exam is of Biology. It comprises of theories, descriptions, discoveries, diagrams, definitions, explanations of differences, and relations. The majority of the topics covered in the NEET syllabus are from the NCERT syllabus of Class 11 & 12 and other related sources become part of the rest of the syllabus. Clear Exam curates a list of articles selected by professionals who recommend the highly vital topics for NEET exams. The table below takes you directly to the respective topic where the in-depth article and the MCQs are available for an easy and productive learning experience. Prior to solving NEET question papers or practicing mock tests, you must ensure to study the basic concepts in NEET and practice a few sample questions related to this exam. Students will be covered for all their studies as the topics are available from basics to even the most advanced..

Q1. Which of the following statements is correct?

•  Homo erectus is the ancestor of man
•  Cro-magnon man’s fossil has been found in Ethiopia
•  Australopithecus is the real ancestor of modern man
•  Cromagnon man is the most recent ancestor of Homo sapiens

Solution
(d) Cromagnon man was the most recent ancestor of today’s man. It was discovered by MacGregor in 1868 from Cromagnon rocks of France. It was about 180 cm in height with a large skull, broad face, rounded forehead, narrow nose and prominent chin. The cranial capacity was about 1680 cc. They were omnivorous. They expressed themselves through sculpture and painting.

Q2.Which of the following are the wrong statements
I. Organs which are different in basic structure and origin but performs similar functions are called analogous organ
II. Organs with different to basic structure and origin but perform similar functions are called homologous organs
III. Homologous organs lead to convergent evolution
IV. Analogous organ leads to divergent evolution
The correct combination is

•  I, III and IV
•  I, IV and III
•  I and II
•  II, III and IV

Solution
(d) II, III and IV. Homologous Organs The organs which have the same fundamental structure but are different in functions are called homologous orangs. These organs follows the same basic plan of organization during development. But in adult condition, these organs are modified to perform different function as an adaptation to the different environment. Homologous organs are the resultant of divergent evolution Implants homologous organs may be a those of Bougainvillea or a tendril of Cucurbita, both arising in the axillary position Analogous Organs The organs which have similar functions but are different in their details and origin are called analogous organs. The analogous organs shows convergent evolution 

Q3.  Identify the vestigial organ in the given figure

•  Vermiform appendix
•  Auricular
•  Coccyx (short tail)
•  Plica semilunaris

Solution
(c) Coccyx. Atavism It is the reappearance of certain ancestral characters, which had either disappeared or were reduced. Some examples of atavism in human beings are the power of moving pinna in some persons, developed canine teeth, exceptionally long dense hairs, short tail in some babies (coccyx) and presence of additional mammae in some individuals

Q4. The greatest evolutionary change enabling the land vertebrates to be completely free from the water. Habitat was the development of

•  Four legs
•  Four-chambered heart
•  Lungs
•  Shelled eggs and internal fertilization

Solution
(d) Shelled eggs and internal fertilization these are the two great changes occurred in the organism, which made them free from their water life. These two changes are seen in reptiles, birds and amphibians. But the organism, which are still completely dependent on the water do not have these the characters

Q5.The biochemical analysis of different chlorophyll pigments in plants would be most useful in determining

•  How plants reproduce asexually
•  How plants pass favourable traits to their offspring
•  Why some plants produce haemoglobin
•  Which plants might have a common ancestor

Solution
(d) Comparative biochemistry is the field of biology that deals with comparing similarities among different species DNA and protiens produced from the DNA. The more similar two different species DNA is, the closer the evolutionary link, and the more recent the two species shared a common ancestor

Q6. Which era is called the age of angiosperms?

•  Cenozoic era
•  Mesozoic era
•  Proterozoic era
•  Palaeozoic era

Solution
(a) Cenozoic era

Q7.Which of the following example of variation is not important from an evolutionary standpoint?

• Genetic differences between individual organisms comprising the population
•  Inherited difference between individual organisms comprising the population
•  Both (a) and (b)
•  Difference due to diet, health, age and accident that have no affect on an individual’s ability to survive and reproduce

Solution
(d) Difference in diet, health age and accident do not affect organism’s hereditary material. Therefore, it is not important in evolutionary point of view

Q8.In which era Protozoa, sponge and algae were originated?

• Cenozoic era
•  Azoic era
•  Proterozoic era
•  Mesozoic era

Solution
(c) Proterozoic era

Q9.Which of the following phenomenon is difficult to explain in terms of natural selection?

•  Male peacocks evolve tail and feathers that makes them more vulnerable to predators
•  Male deer evolve antlers which do not help them to defend against predators
•  A bird issues a warning cry that puts it at greater risk of being noticed by a predator
•  All of the above

Solution
(a) Male peacocks evolve tail and feathers, a male deer evolve antlers and bird issues a warning cry even if could be noticed by predator. These all phenomenon are difficult to explain in terms of natural selection because these all characters are the disadvantages for the survival of an organism

Q10. According to the Neo-Darwinian theory, which of the following is responsible for the origin of new species?

•  Mutations
•  Useful variations
•  Mutation together with natural selection
•  Hybridization

Solution
(c) According to Neo-Darwinian theory, the processes thst bring changes at the genetic level and are responsible for the origin of new species are mutations, recombinations, gene, migration (gene exchange), genetic drift and natural selection. These agents cause changes in alleles, genes, genotypic frequencies of a population and thus bring out evolution through origin of new species.